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2025 Vol.58, Issue 12S-4 Preview Page

Special Issue: 지능형 도시홍수 예측

Application of Direct Rainfall Modelling for urban flooding analysis

Direct Rainfall Modelling 기반 도시침수 해석 기법의 적용

Gwiun Jeonga
,
Hoyeon Kimb
,
Chilhwan Kimc
,
Byunghyun Kimd*
정 귀운a
,
김 호연b
,
김 칠환c
,
김 병현d*
aMaster’s Course, School of Architectural, Civil, Environmental and Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
bMaster’s Course, School of Architectural, Civil, Environmental and Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
cCEO, Dongjin Construction Co., Ltd., Chilgok, Korea
dProfessor, School of Architectural, Civil, Environmental and Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
a경북대학교 건설환경에너지공학부 석사과정
b경북대학교 건설환경에너지공학부 석사과정
c(주)동진건설 대표이사
d경북대학교 토목공학과 교수
*Corresponding Author
31 December 2025. pp. 1645-1659
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Abstract

Recent climate change has led to an increase in both the frequency and intensity of localized heavy rainfall, and flood damage in urban areas has consequently become more severe. In highly impervious downtown districts, short bursts of intense rainfall often exceed the capacity of existing drainage systems, resulting in simultaneous occurrences of pluvial flooding and river overflow. To reproduce such compound inundation phenomena in greater detail, this study applied the Direct Rainfall Modelling (DRM) technique to the Naengcheon watershed in Pohang City for urban flood simulation. DRM directly distributes rainfall over grid cells and consistently simulates infiltration, storage, and overland flow based on the two-dimensional shallow water equations, thereby overcoming the limitations inherent in subcatchment-based approaches. The rainfall event used for analysis was the observed time series during Typhoon Hinnamnor in 2022, with a total accumulation of 379 mm and a maximum hourly intensity of 91.2 mm/h. The simulation results indicated inundation depths ranging from 1.0 to 2.5 m along major roads and in dense commercial and residential areas, which largely corresponded with actual flood conditions documented through CCTV footage and field photographs. The DRM approach, in particular, was effective in reproducing the temporal progression of inundation and the connectivity of low-lying areas. These findings suggest that DRM can provide a quantitative basis for future urban disaster management planning and the designation of flood-prone districts.

Keywords
Direct Rainfall Modelling (DRM)
InfoWorks ICM
Typhoon Hinnamnor
Naengcheon Watershed
Urban Flooding

최근 기후변화로 인해 국지성 집중호우의 발생 빈도와 강도가 높아지면서 도시 지역의 침수 피해가 점차 심각해지고 있다. 특히 불투수율이 높은 도심에서는 짧은 시간에 쏟아지는 강우가 기존 배수 체계의 처리 용량을 초과하여, 내수 침수와 하천 범람이 동시에 나타나는 사례가 보고되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 복합적인 침수 현상을 보다 정밀하게 재현하기 위해 Direct Rainfall Modelling (DRM) 기법을 적용하였으며, 포항시 냉천 유역을 대상으로 도시 침수 해석을 수행하였다. DRM은 강우를 격자 단위에 직접 적용하고, 침투·저류·지표 유동 과정을 2차원 천수방정식에 기반해 일관성 있게 모의함으로써 소유역 기반 접근법이 가진 제약을 보완할 수 있다. 해석에 활용된 기준 강우는 2022년 태풍 힌남노 당시의 실측 시계열 자료로, 총 누적 강우량은 379 mm, 최대 시간 강우 강도는 91.2 mm/h였다. 모의 결과, 주요 도로와 상업·주거 밀집 지역에서 1.0~2.5 m의 침수가 발생하는 것으로 나타났으며, 이는 CCTV 영상과 현장 사진을 통해 확인된 실제 피해 양상과 대체로 일치하였다. DRM 기법은 특히 시간에 따른 침수의 심화 과정과 저지대 간 연결성을 재현하는 데 유효한 것으로 분석되었고, 향후 도시 방재 계획 수립과 침수 위험지구 관리에 정량적 근거 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

키워드
Direct Rainfall Modelling (DRM)
InfoWorks ICM
태풍 힌남노
냉천 유역
도시침수
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Information
  • Publisher :KOREA WATER RESOURECES ASSOCIATION
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국수자원학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국수자원학회 논문집
  • Volume : 58
  • No :12
  • Pages :1645-1659
  • Received Date : 2025-09-12
  • Revised Date : 2025-11-28
  • Accepted Date : 2025-12-02
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2025.58.S-4.1645
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