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Research Article

Estimation of stream flow discharge using the satellite synthetic aperture radar images at the mid to small size streams

합성개구레이더 인공위성 영상을 활용한 중소규모 하천에서의 유량 추정

Minji Seoa
,
Dongkyun Kima*
,
Waqas Ahmada
,
Jun-Ho Chab
서 민지a
,
김 동균a*
,
Ahmad Waqasa
,
차 준호b
aDepartment of Civil Engineering, Hongik University
bHan River Flood Control Office, Ministry of Environment
a홍익대학교 토목공학과
b한강홍수통제소 수자원정보센터
* Corresponding Author
31 December 2018. pp. 1181-1194
PDF XML Citation
Abstract

This study suggests a novel approach of estimating stream flow discharge using the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images taken from 2015 to 2017 by European Space Agency Sentinel-1 satellite. Fifteen small to medium sized rivers in the Han River basin were selected as study area, and the SAR satellite images and flow data from water level and flow observation system operated by the Korea Institute of Hydrological Survey were used for model construction. First, we apply the histogram matching technique to 12 SAR images that have undergone various preprocessing processes for error correction to make the brightness distribution of the images the same. Then, the flow estimation model was constructed by deriving the relationship between the area of ​​the stream water body extracted using the threshold classification method and the in-situ flow data. As a result, we could construct a power function type flow estimation model at the fourteen study areas except for one station. The minimum, the mean, and the maximum coefficient of determination (R2) of the models of at fourteen study areas were 0.30, 0.80, and 0.99, respectively.

Keywords
Discharge estimation
SAR, Satellite
Remote sensing
Power Function type Model

본 연구에서는 2015년에서 2017년 사이에 유럽항공우주국 Sentinel-1 위성이 촬영한 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) 영상을 활용하여 한강 유역 내 하천의 유량을 추정하는 모형을 개발하였다. 한강 유역 내 15개 중소규모 하천을 연구지역으로 선정하였으며 SAR 인공위성 영상 자료와 수위 및 유량관측소에서 산정한 유량 자료를 모형 구축을 위하여 사용하였다. 우선, 오류 보정을 위해 다양한 전처리 과정을 거친 12장의 SAR 영상을 히스토그램 매칭 기법을 적용하여 이미지의 밝기 분포를 동일하게 만들었다. 이후 임계치 분류방식을 사용하여 추출된 하천 수체의 면적과 지상관측유량자료와의 관계식을 도출하여 유량추정모형을 구축하였다. 그 결과, 1개소를 제외한 14개 관측소에서 인공위성에서 추출한 하천 면적을 입력 자료로 하는 멱함수 형태의 유량추정모형을 구축할 수 있었다. 14개 관측소의 최소, 평균, 최대 결정 계수(R2)는 0.3, 0.8, 0.99로 나타났다.

키워드
유량추정
합성개구레이더
인공위성
원격탐사
멱함수형태 모형
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Information
  • Publisher :KOREA WATER RESOURECES ASSOCIATION
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국수자원학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국수자원학회 논문집
  • Volume : 51
  • No :12
  • Pages :1181-1194
  • Received Date : 2018-08-02
  • Revised Date : 2018-09-28; 2018-10-15
  • Accepted Date : 2018-10-15
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2018.51.12.1181
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