Analysis of flow and mixing characteristics of inflow rivers into Paldang Lake under hydraulic structure operations

ChangHyun Lee; SooBin Yoon; DongSu Kim; YongSik Song; YoungDo Kim

doi:10.3741/JKWRA.2025.58.10.953

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2025 Vol.58, Issue 10 Preview Page

Special Issue: 환경기초조사

Analysis of flow and mixing characteristics of inflow rivers into Paldang Lake under hydraulic structure operations 수리구조물 운영에 따른 팔당호 유입하천 흐름 및 수체 혼합 특성 연구

31 October 2025. pp. 953-964

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Abstract

Paldang Lake exhibits complex hydrodynamic behavior due to inflows from multiple rivers—including the Bukhan, Namhan, and Gyeongan Rivers—and the operation of several hydraulic structures such as the Cheongpyeong Dam, Paldang Dam, and Ipo Weir. Variations in inflow discharge, water temperature, and water quality concentrations result in spatially heterogeneous mixing and stratification patterns, including density currents and seasonal or flow-induced stratification. However, since the Water Environment Information System (WEIS) operated by the Ministry of Environment monitors only at fixed points, it has limitations in analyzing spatiotemporal variability, especially across the entire river-lake continuum. This study aims to assess the stratified flow structure and mixing patterns in Paldang Lake under various hydraulic conditions. Electrical conductivity (EC) was used as a tracer, alongside multiple water quality parameters and discharge data from upstream structures. High-frequency measurements using YSI multiparameter sondes were conducted at key sites across the lake and its inflows. These in situ data were integrated with national monitoring datasets to analyze stratification intensity and water quality variations near the surface and bottom layers. The results provide insight into the interaction between inflow characteristics and internal lake dynamics, offering valuable guidance for improved lake management and the strategic operation of hydraulic structures.

Keywords

Hydraulic structures

Stratified flow structure

Paldang Lake

dynamics

팔당호는 북한강, 남한강, 경안천 등 여러 유입하천과 청평댐, 팔당댐, 이포보 등의 수리구조물 운영에 따라 유량비, 수온, 수질농도 등이 다양하게 형성되며 복잡한 수체 혼합이 나타나는 수역이다. 특히 북한강과 남한강 간의 수온차로 인해 밀도류가 형성되며, 계절 및 유황조건에 따라 성층화 현상도 발생한다. 이러한 수체 특성을 이해하기 위해서는 시공간적으로 정밀한 조사가 필요하나, 국가 수질측정망은 고정식으로 운영되어 하천의 혼합양상을 충분히 반영하기 어렵고, 호소측정망은 호소 주변에 국한되어 있어 상류부터 하류까지의 연속적 흐름을 분석하는 데 한계가 있다. 본 연구는 전기전도도를 주요 지표로 설정하고, 수온 및 다양한 수질항목, 청평댐 및 이포보의 방류량 등을 함께 고려하여 유황조건별 팔당호 내 흐름 특성과 성층 구조를 분석하였다. YSI 다항목 센서를 활용한 고빈도 측정자료와 국가측정망 자료를 연계하여 수표면 및 저층 수질의 공간적 변화를 해석하였으며, 이를 통해 수체 내 성층구조의 이해를 바탕으로 효과적인 수리구조물 운영 및 호수 관리방안을 제시하고자 하였다.

키워드

팔당호

전기전도도

성층흐름구조

수리구조물

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Information

Publisher :KOREA WATER RESOURECES ASSOCIATION
Publisher(Ko) :한국수자원학회
Journal Title :Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
Journal Title(Ko) :한국수자원학회 논문집
Volume : 58
No :10
Pages :953-964
Received Date : 2025-08-12
Revised Date : 2025-09-12
Accepted Date : 2025-09-12
DOI :https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2025.58.10.953

Journal of Korea Water Resources Association ISSN:2799-8746(Print) 2799-8754(Online) 한국수자원학회 논문집

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