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2026 Vol.59, Issue 4 Preview Page
Applicability assessment of hyperspectral CCTV for suspended sediment monitoring: A sediment tracer experiment in the Gam Creek

초분광 CCTV 기반 부유사 계측 적용성 평가: 감천 유사 추적자 실험 사례

Siyoon Kwona
,
Hyoseob Nohb
,
Il Won Seoc*
권 시윤a
,
노 효섭b
,
서 일원c*
aAssistant Professor, Department of Civil and Infrastructure Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
bPostdoctoral Researcher, Department of Civil Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
cProfessor Emeritus, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
a경상국립대학교 건설시스템공학과 조교수
b도쿄대학교 토목공학과 박사후연구원
c서울대학교 건설환경공학부 명예교수
*Corresponding Author
30 April 2026. pp. 405-417
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Abstract

Suspended sediment plays a key role in river morphodynamics and water quality, yet conventional in-situ measurements limit continuous, high-resolution monitoring. This study evaluates the applicability of CCTV-Hyperspectral Imaging for Suspended Sediment Transport (CCTV-HISST) for measuring suspended sediment concentration (SSC) in a natural river. We compare tracer experiments using fine sediment in Gam Creek under varying solar irradiance conditions with results from an outdoor full-scale flume experiment at the River Experimental Center (REC). To reduce uncertainties caused by natural light variability, the CCTV-HISST system applies a real-time radiometric correction scheme based on simultaneous observations of the water surface and a Spectralon reference panel. We estimates SSC using the Light Classification and Adaptive Regression (LiCAR) framework coupled with a Random Forest model and achieves high predictive accuracy (R2 = 0.97, MAPE = 13.3%) with minimal bias, comparable to the REC experiments. Gam Creek and REC data show similar overall spectral sensitivity patterns. However, differences in water depth, sediment mixing, and optical conditions introduce systematic shifts in spectral-SSC relationships, with increased importance of near-infrared wavelengths (~850 nm). The analysis further extends surface SSC map vertically using the Rouse-alpha model to reconstruct continuous three-dimensional SSC fields. These results demonstrated that CCTV-HISST provides robust SSC monitoring in natural rivers under complex hydraulic and optical conditions and highlight its potential for practical river monitoring and hydraulic-environmental management applications.

Keywords
CCTV
Hyperspectral imaging
Suspended sediment
Gam Creek
Tracer test
Hyperspectral SSC retrieval model

하천 부유사는 하상 변동과 수질·생태 과정의 핵심 인자로서 정밀한 시공간 계측이 요구된다. 그러나 부유사채집기, LISST (Laser In-Situ Scattering and Transmissometry) 등 일반적인 계측장비는 특히 홍수기에 설치 및 유지 관리가 어려워 고해상도 모니터링에 제약이 따른다. 본 연구는 기존 계측의 한계를 보완하는 대안으로 제안된 CCTV 기반 초분광 계측 시스템(CCTV-Hyperspectral Imaging for Suspended Sediment Transport, CCTV-HISST)의 복잡한 하천 환경 적용성을 검증하기 위해 감천에서 유사 추적자 실험을 수행하고, 그 결과를 옥외 실규모 수로 실험 적용 결과와 비교·분석하였다. 유사 추적자 실험은 황토를 주입하여 서로 다른 태양복사 조건에서 총 3회 수행하였으며, 영상 내 프레임에 포함된 백색 기준 반사판과 수체를 동시에 관측하는 실시간 방사보정법을 적용하여 자연광 변화에 따른 불확실성을 최소화하였다. 초분광-부유사 농도 변환 모형으로 LiCAR (Light Classification and Adaptive Regression)를 적용한 결과, 감천 실험 자료에 대해 높은 예측 정확도(R2 = 0.97, MAPE = 13.3%)와 편향이 거의 없는 우수한 성능을 나타냈으며, 이는 옥외 실규모 실험 결과와 정량적으로 유사한 수준이었다. 두 실험 간 부유사 농도에 대한 분광 민감도는 전반적으로 유사한 경향을 보였으나, 수심, 유사 혼합 상태, 배경 수체 특성 및 태양-카메라 고도의 차이로 인해 분광 스펙트럼-부유사 농도 관계에서 일정한 편향이 관찰되었다. 특히 얕은 수심 조건에서 복잡한 표층 유사 거동이 나타난 감천에서는 근적외선 영역(약 850 nm)의 분광 중요도가 상대적으로 증가하였다. 나아가 LiCAR로 산정된 표층 2차원 농도 분포를 Rouse-alpha 모델을 통해 연직 확장하여 시공간적으로 연속적인 3차원 부유사 농도 구조를 재구성하였다. 본 연구 결과는 CCTV-HISST가 복잡한 수리·광환경 조건의 하천에서도 적용 가능함을 보여주며, 향후 하천 모니터링과 수리·환경 관리 분야에서의 실무적 활용 잠재력을 시사한다.

키워드
CCTV
초분광 영상
부유사
감천
추적자 실험
초분광-부유사 농도 변환 모형
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Information
  • Publisher :KOREA WATER RESOURECES ASSOCIATION
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국수자원학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국수자원학회 논문집
  • Volume : 59
  • No :4
  • Pages :405-417
  • Received Date : 2026-01-09
  • Revised Date : 2026-03-04
  • Accepted Date : 2026-03-24
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2026.59.4.405
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