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Research Article

A numerical study on spatial behavior of flood waves due to dam failure through building group in a urban area using two-dimensional finite volume model

2차원 유한체적모형을 이용한 도시지역 건물군을 통과하는 댐 붕괴로 인한 홍수파의 공간적 거동에 관한 연구

Woo Chang Jeonga
,
Yongwon Seob*
정 우창a
,
서 용원b*
aProfessor, Department of Civil Engineering, Kyungnam University, Changwon, Korea
bProfessor, Department of Civil Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea
a경남대학교 공과대학 재난안전건설학과 교수
b영남대학교 공과대학 건설시스템공학과 교수
*Corresponding Author
31 December 2024. pp. 1243-1256
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Abstract

In this study, we numerically analyzed the spatial behavior of flood waves due to dam failure penetrating urban areas with a finite volume model with two-dimensional shallow water equations and well-balanced HLLC technique. In order to analyze the influence of urban areas on flood waves due to dam failure, numerical simulations and analyses were carried out with the measured results of the hydraulic model experiment conducted by Soares-Frazao and Zech (2008). The water depths calculated from the numerical model applied in this study were relatively well matched with the observed results. The simulated results showed that a relatively high water depth area and a rotational flow occurred due to the flow delay phenomenon in the inflow area of ​​urban areas consisting of buildings, and that urban areas were a major obstacle to the smooth propagation of flood waves caused by dam failure. In addition, when the inflow increased, the water depth was divided into a section where the water depth decreased rapidly (near the inflow and outflow) and a section where the water depth decreased slowly (within the urban area) when propagating from the inflow to the outflow area of ​​urban areas. As a field application case, it was applied to the case of flood wave propagation reaching a downstream urban area when the Tous Dam in Spain collapsed, and the simulation results of the application were relatively good in agreement with the observation results.

Keywords
Shallow water equation
Finite volume method
Well-balanced HLLC scheme
Flood waves
Building group
Dam failure
Urban area

본 연구에서는 2차원 천수방정식과 well-balanced HLLC 기법을 이용하여 구축된 2차원 유한체적모형을 이용하여 도시지역을 통과하는 댐 붕괴로 인한 홍수파의 공간적 거동에 대해 수치적으로 분석하였다. 댐 붕괴파에 대한 도시지역의 영향을 분석하기 위해 국외에서 수행된 실내 수리모형실험에 근거하여 수치적 모의 및 분석을 하였으며, 적용된 수치모형으로부터의 관측지점별 수심결과는 관측 결과와 비교적 잘 일치하였다. 모의된 결과 건물군으로 구성된 도시지역 유입부에서 상대적으로 높은 수심영역과 흐름의 지체현상으로 인한 회전류가 발생하였으며, 도시지역은 댐 붕괴로 인한 홍수파의 원활한 흐름에 큰 방해요소가 됨을 알 수 있었다. 또한 유입량의 증가에 따라 홍수파는 유입부에서 유출부로 흘러갈 때 수심이 급격하게 감소하는 구간과 다소 완만하게 감소하는 구간으로 구별되는 경향을 나타내었다. 현장 자연하천 적용 사례로 스페인 Tous 댐 붕괴 시 하류 도시지역에 도달한 홍수파의 흐름 사례에 적용하였으며, 적용 결과 모의 결과는 관측 결과와 비교적 잘 일치하였다.

키워드
천수방정식
유한체적법
Well-balanced HLLC 기법
비구조적 격자시스템
홍수파
빌딩군
댐 붕괴
도시지역
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Information
  • Publisher :KOREA WATER RESOURECES ASSOCIATION
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국수자원학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국수자원학회 논문집
  • Volume : 57
  • No :12
  • Pages :1243-1256
  • Received Date : 2024-10-27
  • Revised Date : 2024-12-09
  • Accepted Date : 2024-12-10
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2024.57.S-1.1243
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