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2024 Vol.57, Issue 12 Preview Page

Research Article

Analysis of relationship between rainfall intensity and unit hydrograph peak value by watershed scale

유역 규모별 강우 세기와 단위유량도 첨두치의 관계 분석

Ju-Hwan Yooa*
유 주환a*
aProfessor, Department of Drone Application, U1 University, Asan, Korea
a유원대학교 드론응용학과 교수
*Corresponding Author
31 December 2024. pp. 1145-1157
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Abstract

In this research, it was studied how the peak value of the unit hydrograph of a basin, which has been used to calculate the flood volume of a basin, changes according to the rainfall intensity and basin size. For this purpose, by watershed size, Selmacheon Jeonjeokbigyo (8.5 km2) was selected for the small basin, Chogang Songcheon (619.0 km2) for the medium-sized basin, and Pyeongchanggang Yeongwol 1 (1,615.8 km2) for the large-scale basin. Among the rainfall-runoff events from 1998 to 2017, unit hydrographs were calculated for 82 events in the Selmacheon Jeonjeokbigyo basin, 83 events in the Chogangcheon Songcheon basin, and 91 events in Pyeongchanggang Yeongwol 1 basin. During this process, the Horton model was applied to the effective rainfall, and the ridge regression method was applied to eliminate oscillations generated in the process of deriving the unit hydrograph. The regression equation, which derives the quantitative relationship between rainfall intensity and peak value of unit hydrograph by basin size in the form of a power function, contains a certain amount of error and variance as analyzed in the main text, but represents the physical relationship as a regression equation. And it was shown the larger the rainfall is, the larger the peak of the unit hydrograph and the faster it occurs. This is the nonlinear runoff characteristic of a watershed in response to rainfall. By deriving the relationship between rainfall intensity and peak value of unit hydrograph according to the basin size as a power function, it was experimentally shown that the relationship in a basin of a certain size can be calculated by interpolation according to the basin size. The results of this study were intended to investigate the effect of the size of the watershed area on the relationship between rainfall intensity and peak value of the unit hydrograph, thereby providing basic data for the supplementary application of the unit hydrograph.

Keywords
Watershed scale
Unit hydrograph
Peak flow discharge
Time to peak
Nonlinear runoff
Rainfall intensity

본 연구에서는 유역의 홍수량을 산출하는데 적용하고 있는 한 유역의 단위유량도 첨두치는 강우 세기와 유역 규모에 따라 변동되는 것을 연구하였다. 이를 위해서 유역 규모별로 소규모 유역은 설마천 전적비교(8.5 km2), 중규모 유역은 초강 송천(619.0 km2), 대규모 유역은 평창강 영월1(1,615.8 km2)을 대상으로 1998년~2017년의 강우-유출 사상 중에 설마천 전적비교 유역은 82개 사상, 초강 송천 유역은 83개 사상, 평창강 영월1 유역은 91개의 사상에 대하여 단위유량도를 산출하였다. 이 과정 중에 유효강우는 Horton 모형을 적용하여 구하였고 단위유량도를 유도하는 과정에서 발생하는 진동을 제거하기 위해서 능형회귀법을 적용하였다. 유역 규모별 강우 세기와 단위유량도 첨두치의 정량적 관계를 멱함수 형태로 도출한 회귀식은 본문에 분석된 대로 일정량의 오차 및 분산을 포함하고 있지만 회귀식으로서의 물리적 관계를 나타냈다. 그리고 강우의 세기가 클수록 단위유량도의 첨두는 더 크고 빠르게 발생한다는 것을 보였다. 이는 강우에 대한 비선형적 유역의 유출 특성이다. 유역 규모에 따른 강우 세기와 단위유량도 첨두치의 관계식을 멱함수로 도출함으로써 특정 규모의 유역에서의 관계식의 경우 유역 규모에 따른 보간법에 따라 산출할 수 있음을 시험적으로 보여주었다. 본 연구의 성과를 통해 유역 면적의 규모가 강우 세기와 단위유량도의 첨두치 관계에 미치는 영향을 조사하여 단위유량도의 보완적 적용에 기초 자료를 제공하고자 하였다.

키워드
유역규모
단위유량도
첨두유량
첨두발생시간
비선형유출
강우 세기
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Information
  • Publisher :KOREA WATER RESOURECES ASSOCIATION
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국수자원학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국수자원학회 논문집
  • Volume : 57
  • No :12
  • Pages :1145-1157
  • Received Date : 2024-07-15
  • Revised Date : 2024-12-09
  • Accepted Date : 2024-12-10
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2024.57.12.1145
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