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2022 Vol.55, Issue 12 Preview Page

Research Article

A study on changes in water cycle characteristics of university campus catchment: focusing on potential evapotranspiration improvement in Mt. Gwanak catchment

대학 캠퍼스 유역의 물순환 특성 변화에 관한 연구: 관악산 유역 잠재증발산량 개선을 중심으로

Hyeonju Kima*
,
Young-Oh Kimb
김 현주a*
,
김 영오b
aPh.D Student, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
bProfessor, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
a서울대학교 공과대학 건설환경공학부 박사과정
b서울대학교 공과대학 건설환경공학부 교수
*Corresponding Author
31 December 2022. pp. 1077-1089
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Abstract

With the construction of Seoul National University (SNU), the Mt. Gwanak watershed has undergone some urbanization. As with other campus catchments, data related to the water cycle is extremely limited. Therefore, this study began by collecting hydrological and meteorological data using Atmos-41, a complex meteorological observation instrument. The observation results of Atmos-41 were validated by analyzing the statistical characteristics and confidence intervals based on the monthly variability of data from the Korea Meteorological Administration. Results of the previous research were used to validate the simulated surface runoff and infiltration using the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM). The potential evapotranspiration (PET) simulated by the SWMM was rectified by comparing it to the Atmos-41 observation data. Multiple regression analysis was employed to adjust for the fluctuations in precipitation, relative humidity, and wind speed because the calculated SWMM PET tends to be underestimated during periods of low temperatures. R2 increased from 0.54 to 0.80 when compared to the Atmos-41 PET. The rate of change in the water cycle as a consequence of the SNU’s construction resulted in a 15.7% increase in surface runoff, a 14.2% decrease in infiltration rate, and a 1.6% decrease in evaporation.

Keywords
Urbanization
Water cycle characteristics
SWMM
Atmos-41
Surface runoff
Potential evapotranspiration

도림천의 최상류인 관악산에 서울대학교가 건설되면서 관악산 유역은 일종의 도시화를 겪어왔으며, 폭우 시 하류 하천의 수량과 수질에 악영향을 미치는 사례 등 물순환 왜곡이 우려되어왔다. 대부분의 캠퍼스 유역이 그렇듯 물순환과 관련된 자료가 절대적으로 미흡하였기에 복합기상관측장비 Atmos-41을 도입함으로써 수문·기상학적 자료를 구축하여 본 연구를 시작하였다. Atmos-41의 관측 결과는 기상청 자료와 비교하여 통계적 특성과 월별 변동성에 따른 신뢰구간을 분석하여 검증하였다. 관악캠퍼스의 물순환은 SWMM으로 평가하였는데 표면유출량과 침투량 모의값은 동일 유역의 과거 연구 결과를 통해 검증하였고, 잠재증발산량은 Atmos-41의 관측 자료와 비교하여 검증하였다. 계산된 SWMM 잠재증발산량은 기온이 낮은 기간에 대해서는 과소 추정되는 경향이 있어, 다중회귀분석을 통해 강수량, 상대습도, 풍속에 대한 변동을 고려할 수 있도록 보정하였다. 그 결과 Atmos-41의 잠재증발산량과 비교했을 때 R2가 0.54에서 0.80으로 개선되었다. 관악산 유역의 캠퍼스화로 인한 물순환 변화율은 표면유출률의 15.7% 증가, 침투율의 14.2% 감소, 그리고 증발량의 1.6% 감소를 초래한 것으로 확인하였다. 결론적으로 서울대학교가 지속가능한 캠퍼스로 나아가고 하류 유역의 안전성 확보를 위해 현재의 물순환 변화율을 유지할 것을 제안하며, Atmos-41의 지속적인 관측 결과는 추후 관악캠퍼스 물순환 연구의 기초 자료로 활용성이 높을 것이라 기대된다.

키워드
도시화
물순환 특성
SWMM
Atmos-41
표면유출량
잠재증발산량
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Information
  • Publisher :KOREA WATER RESOURECES ASSOCIATION
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국수자원학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국수자원학회 논문집
  • Volume : 55
  • No :12
  • Pages :1077-1089
  • Received Date : 2022-09-16
  • Revised Date : 2022-11-09
  • Accepted Date : 2022-11-21
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2022.55.12.1077
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