Analysis of manhole displacement by inflow discharge and blockage of sewer pipes

Jongminm Kim; Yeonghwa Gwon; Sanghwa Jung

doi:10.3741/JKWRA.2026.59.4.377

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2026 Vol.59, Issue 4 Preview Page Next Page

Analysis of manhole displacement by inflow discharge and blockage of sewer pipes 우수관거의 유입유량 및 막힘에 따른 맨홀 이탈 분석

30 April 2026. pp. 377-389

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Abstract

The increasing frequency of localized and intense rainfall events due to climate change has intensified urban flooding, and manhole cover displacement caused by pressure rise in stormwater sewer systems has emerged as a critical safety issue. This study experimentally investigates the effects of inflow discharge and downstream blockage conditions on manhole cover displacement using a full-scale physical model of an urban stormwater sewer system. A manhole cover with a diameter of 0.645 m and a weight of 20kg was installed in a 35 m test section of a storm sewer with a diameter of 1 m. Experiments were conducted under inflow discharges of 0.7 m³/s and 1.4 m³/s, while the downstream gate opening ratio was systematically varied from 0% to 100%. Pressure transducers were installed at the manhole sump and adjacent sewer sections to measure pressure variations at 1s intervals, and manhole cover displacement was identified through visual observation. The results showed that manhole cover displacement occurred through a sequence of pressure rise, surcharge, cover lift-off, partial overflow, and reverse flow, with the timing and occurrence strongly dependent on hydraulic conditions. In particular, inflow discharge was found to have a more significant influence on displacement onset than downstream blockage conditions. The findings provide experimental evidence of critical conditions for manhole cover displacement and offer fundamental data for improving the safety assessment and design criteria of urban stormwater sewer systems.

Keywords

Manhole cover displacement

Stormwater sewer

Pressurization

Blockage condition

Hydraulic experiment

기후변화로 인한 국지성 집중호우의 빈번한 발생은 도시 지역의 침수 피해를 증가시키고 있으며, 우수관거 내 압력 상승에 따른 맨홀 덮개 이탈 사고가 주요한 안전 문제로 대두되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 유입유량 변화와 하류 막힘 조건이 맨홀 이탈에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위해 실제 우수관거 구조를 모사한 실규모 실험을 수행하였다. 총 연장이 35 m 이며, 직경이 1 m 인 우수관에 직경 0.645 m, 무게 20 kg의 맨홀 덮개을 설치하고, 유입유량 0.7 m³/s와 1.4 m³/s 조건에서 하류 수문 개방율을 0～100%로 단계적으로 조절하였다. 맨홀 집수정 및 인접 관거에 압력계를 설치하여 1초 간격으로 압력을 계측하고, 맨홀 덮개 이탈 여부를 관찰하였다. 실험 결과, 맨홀 덮개 이탈은 유입유량과 하류 막힘 조건에 따라 우수관 내 압력 증가, 우수의 역류, 맨홀 덮개의 이탈, 부분역류, 완전역류로 이어지는 단계적 거동을 보였으며, 하류 막힘보다 유입유량의 변화가 이탈 발생에 더 민감하게 작용하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 맨홀 덮개 이탈 발생의 임계 조건을 실험적으로 제시함으로써, 도시 우수관거 시스템의 안전성 평가 및 맨홀 설치 기준 수립을 위한 기초자료를 제공한다.

키워드

맨홀 덮개 이탈

우수관거

압력 상승

하류 막힘

유입유량

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Information

Publisher :KOREA WATER RESOURECES ASSOCIATION
Publisher(Ko) :한국수자원학회
Journal Title :Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
Journal Title(Ko) :한국수자원학회 논문집
Volume : 59
No :4
Pages :377-389
Received Date : 2025-12-15
Revised Date : 2026-02-03
Accepted Date : 2026-02-25
DOI :https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2026.59.4.377

Journal of Korea Water Resources Association ISSN:2799-8746(Print) 2799-8754(Online) 한국수자원학회 논문집

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