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2025 Vol.58, Issue 11 Preview Page

Research Article

Assessment of anomaly detection capability of InSAR time-series techniques: A case study of the Jangcheon embankment failure on the Nakdong River

낙동강 장천제 붕괴 사례를 통한 InSAR 시계열 기법의 이상 탐지 가능성 평가

Se Jung Junga*
,
Du Han Leeb
,
Ji Sung Kimc
정 세정a*
,
이 두한b
,
김 지성c
aPostdoctoral Researcher, Department of Hydro Science and Engineering Research, Korea Institute of Civll Engineering and Building Technology, Goyang, Korea
bSenior Research Fellow, Department of Hydro Science and Engineering Research, Korea Institute of Civll Engineering and Building Technology, Goyang, Korea
cResearch Fellow, Department of Hydro Science and Engineering Research, Korea Institute of Civll Engineering and Building Technology, Goyang, Korea
a한국건설기술연구원 수자원하천연구본부 박사후 연구원
b한국건설기술연구원 수자원하천연구본부 선임연구위원
c한국건설기술연구원 수자원하천연구본부 연구위원
*Corresponding Author
30 November 2025. pp. 1031-1045
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Abstract

The increasing frequency of extreme rainfall events due to climate change has revealed the limitations of conventional inspection-based structural safety assessments. This study evaluates the potential of InSAR time-series techniques for early anomaly detection, using the case of the Jangcheon Embankment on the Nakdong River in Changnyeong-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do, which collapsed in 2020 August. Under identical conditions, Sentinel-1 SAR imagery was processed using PS-InSAR, PS+DS-InSAR, and E-SBAS methods for comparative analysis. The spatial distribution of scatterers and time-series displacement patterns were examined, and quantitative comparisons were conducted through correlation analysis between cumulative displacement and displacement rate, median-based risk classification, and K-means clustering of displacement types. The results indicate that PS-based approaches are well-suited for high-precision detection centered on the structure, whereas E-SBAS effectively secured stable points even beyond the structural footprint and sensitively detected long-term subsidence trends. Notably, a consistent subsidence response was observed in embankment sections without prior structural presence, suggesting the feasibility of early anomaly detection and the identification of potentially hazardous areas outside the main structure. Based on these findings, this study demonstrates that a multi-method InSAR comparison enables precise delineation of risk zones and provides empirical evidence for the design of early warning and wide-area monitoring systems.

Keywords
Nakdong River Jangcheon embankment
Sentinel-1
SAR
PS-InSAR
PS+DS-InSAR
E-SBAS

기후변화로 인한 극한강수의 증가로 기존 점검 기반 구조물 안전 진단의 한계가 드러나고 있다. 본 연구는 2020년 8월에 붕괴된 경상남도 창녕군에 위치한 낙동강 장천제를 사례로 Sentinel-1 SAR 영상을 이용해 PS-InSAR, PS+DS-InSAR, E-SBAS 기법을 동일 조건에서 적용·비교하여 구조물 전조 탐지 가능성을 평가하였다. 각 기법의 산란체 분포와 시계열 변위 패턴을 분석하고 누적 변위와 변위 속도 간 상관관계, 중앙값 기반 위험도 분류, K-means 클러스터링을 수행해 변위 유형을 정량적으로 비교하였다. 분석 결과 PS 기반 기법은 구조물 중심의 고정밀 감지에 적합했으며 E-SBAS는 구조물 외곽에서도 안정적인 포인트를 확보하고 장기 침하 추세를 민감하게 탐지하였다. 특히 구조물이 존재하지 않았던 제방 구간에서 나타난 일관된 침하 반응은 전조 탐지 가능성을 시사하며 구조물 외곽의 잠재 위험 지역을 사전에 식별할 수 있음을 보여준다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 본 연구는 다중 InSAR 기법 비교를 통해 위험 구간을 정밀하게 파악하고 조기 경보와 광역 모니터링 체계 설계에 필요한 실증적 근거를 제시한다.

키워드
낙동강 장천제
Sentinel-1
SAR
PS-InSAR
PS+DS-InSAR
E-SBAS
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Information
  • Publisher :KOREA WATER RESOURECES ASSOCIATION
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국수자원학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국수자원학회 논문집
  • Volume : 58
  • No :11
  • Pages :1031-1045
  • Received Date : 2025-08-18
  • Revised Date : 2025-10-04
  • Accepted Date : 2025-10-11
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2025.58.11.1031
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